TERMINOLOGY

Balungan : From the Linguistic side, balungan word is from Javanese language. It's from the word ‘balung' which is means bone. So, in the terminology side, balungan means the main series of melodies in gamelan. The instruments that play as balungan are Saro. which consist of Saron panerus, Saron barung, and Demung. And also Slenthem and Slentho.
These are some types of balungan : Balungan mlaku or balungan mlampah, Balungan nibani, Balungan nggantung, Balungan pin mundur, Balungan ngadal.

Bawa : Looks like sinden, but Bawa is a person who sing tembang for the intro

Bubaran : the ending of tembang or gendhing.

Buka : The intro of gendhing.

Cakepan : Words in tembang

Cengkok : The bent voice of sinden in tembang.

colotomic structure : rhythmic patterns of the gamelan

Gatra : Gatra is often considered as the smallest unit of a gamelan composition. But it has another meaning, it is the number of rows in tembang.

Gerong : It's a Javanese verb that means singing in a chorus.

Gerongan : The noun of gerong, the chorus or melody.

Gongan : The interval time of gong's sounds. Gongan is not just belong to Gong, but also for Kempyang, kethuk, kempul, and kenong. Each interval of those instruments are different, from few seconds, till few minutes. It depends the rhythm of Gendhing. The longest time interval is from the gong ageng, the biggest gong.

Gangsaran : Repeated tone in a variety of lancaran. It can appear at the end of the variety.

Irama : In gamelan context, irama is how much space between notes. Resemble with tempo, but each irama can be played in different tempo.

Jineman : Backing vocal in tembang

Kendho Kenceng : tempo of gendhing

Keteg : In gamelan context, keteg means beats

Lampah : The total syllable in a row of tembang gedhe.

Nongan : The interval time between strikes of a kenong.

Panerusan : Look likes balungan, but panerusan is the addition series of melodies in gamelan. It's used as a variation melody and played in the same time with balungan. Wiyaga who plays panerusan must be creative because panerusan make the total melodies are more variant. Without panerusan, gamelan melody is just monotone. So, panerusan is hard to be learnt.

Pedhotan : A time for stopping, to take a breath for a while when sinden sings in a tembang.

Penggerong : Proper name of people who sing in the chorus, but often this word refers to the unison male chorus who sings with the gamelan.

Pesinden/sinden : person (usually for female) who sings a song while the gamelan plays.

Pupuh : Association of some same tembangs. For instance, Dandanggula has 2 versions. They are pupuh.

Suwuk : Sign or command to stop the gamelan playing

Titilaras : Numbers as the notation in tembang/gendhing

Wilet : continuation of voice

Wiyaga : person who plays gamelan